The project portfolio is to transfer the strategic needs of the organization to projects and operational activities. If portfolio risk occurs, it can affect the portfolio success metrics and overshadow the achievement of the organization's strategic goals. Despite the important role of portfolio risk management in the success of an organization, no proper analysis of project portfolio risks has been provided yet. The purpose of this study is to investigate the importance of portfolio risks and, selection of the best portfolio risk management strategy using multi-criteria decision-making methods. Due to the ignorance of portfolio level risks, the first step of this research is to identify and select important portfolio risks of projects based on previous studies in this field. The importance of risks in different portfolio management strategies was then assessed using a questionnaire from a group of elites. In this study, the CRITIC method, which is a multi-criteria decision-making method has been used to determine the weight of each risk, during which the importance of each risk is calculated without direct questions from experts, and only using the scores given to each risk in different strategies. After that, different portfolio risk management strategies will be identified and, the best risk management response will be calculated and selected.

This research has been done by comparative method. At first, the meaning and definition of the term "CRITIC" has been found out by four famous English Dictionaries (Webster, Oxford, Longman and American Heritage) while comparing the meanings with each other. The synonyms in each dictionary have been obtained. Then concerning the frequency rate of each term, five words such as: "analyze, judge, evaluate, appraise and assess" have been selected and analyzed.Next, the meaning of definition of the terms have been searched in some famous English-Persian Dictionaries (bateni and Colleagues English-Persian dictionary, Aryanpur progressive dictionary) and the relation between the terms has been analyzed in English and Persian language.Finally, by looking up the meaning and definition of the terms in Persian dictionaries (Dehkhoda Dictionary and A dictionary of Contemporary Persian language). The relation between those English and Persian synonymous words has been defined.

Dr. Mohammad Mahdi AL-Baser is one of more learned in Arabic and modern Iraqi literature, to accompany contemporary critique school which injected the ideas of east and west, whereas to excel in it by his liberty, morality, and educationally CRITICism, to stopped in it lift up the inherited gaps and the stumbles. He battled against the slump, and exaggeration, and arbitrary. His style was distinguished by the abstraction, and standing up on ancient and modern CRITICs ideas, and he is a man of scientific and objectivity, whereas he was always pay attention to the form besides the content, and he accurately going on the linguistic, and grammatical, rhetorical, and ethical for the rhythmical and prosaic, whichever was the authority, and who was the sayer, just as that he didn’t leave over the comparisons in entire visions and various forms.

In the past and present, among Iranians and foreigners, there were people who, based on their observations, have written about the Iranian temperament. Those judgments, which were mostly negative, gradually constituted an explanatory matric, in a way that, in accounting many bad circumstances in Iran and many of Iranian unpleasant habits and behavioral imperfections, it has been said that they derived from Iranian temperament or Iran’ s culture. About how scientific are observational propositions such as “ Iranians have this or that quality” , and explanatory propositions such as “ this or that quality or behavior is the effect of this or that temperament” there are some CRITICal discussions, especially concerning inexactness of some generalizations as well as some probable dangers of the acceptance of such judgments. This article is to CRITICize this kind of proposition from an analytical point of view. I will demonstrate that the difficulty of the explication why, means by what cause, Iranian has those qualities, returns to the fact that the main problematic is not to demonstrate their prevalence among Iranians, but their absence or secrecy among non-Iranians. The hypothesis is that most of the cases known as Iranians temperaments, to the extent that they can accept as Iranians temperaments, have not for their cause the content of Iranian culture but its level. And the level of culture is not something special to Iranians, it can be found in many nations, and everywhere it introduces almost the same temperament.

Introduction: Employment and unemployment are among the most important issues that must be considered to create a prosperous society because the first condition for the growth and development of any society is job creation, so it is of great importance in macro-planning. The debate over employment and its complexities in today's fast-paced world has attracted the attention of many policymakers, government officials, and experts. In many cases, however, the issue of employment is ignored in urban development strategies. This is partly due to the intangibility of the informal urban economy, which includes the bulk of employment in developing countries. Today, the role of employment in the dynamics of urban life is not hidden from anyone. Unemployment and its problems have formed one of the most complex issues of the day in urban planning, and this problem, in addition to economic consequences, has negative social, cultural, environmental, and security consequences that affect all aspects of urban planning. Therefore, it can be said that many problems of urban communities are rooted in the pathology structure of their employment. Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad provinces have high economic potentials, and if we pay attention to these potentials, the problem of youth unemployment in this region will be easily solved. According to the latest statistics, the unemployment rate in Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad is very high, so the high unemployment rate in Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad Province, while this province has rich oil and gas resources. However, according to the official statistics, this province is in the third place in terms of employment ratio after Sistan and Baluchestan and Qom provinces in terms of the lowest employment, which if the investment in different economic sectors is considered, this province may It can be considered as one of the active provinces in the employment sector. On the other hand, many differences are due to the imbalance of economic facilities and economic and cultural conditions that lead to migration, spatial inequalities of capital and welfare, educational and health facilities, which has increased the development gap between regions. Therefore, the research problem arises from the fact that it seems that the distribution of job opportunities in different regions of Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad provinces does not follow a favorable pattern, and this has affected the spatial balance in this area methodology: According to the studied components and the nature of the subject, the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology and is quantitative research. In this research, the data of the statistical yearbook of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in 1396 have been used and 3 economic indicators (agriculture/fisheries, industry/mining, services) have been used. The most important urban employment indicators have been determined and then based on the indicators, the situation of 8 cities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in terms of employment indicators has been evaluated using the MOORA method and using the CRITIC model. The indicators are prioritized. Also, to determine the development levels of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces, the Morris model has been used. The province is ranked in terms of urban employment based on the level of development. Results and Discussion: In this research, an attempt was made to rank and determine the level of development of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad cities by using a set of urban employment indicators. The number of indicators is a subset of three economic sectors (agriculture, industry, services), which have been ranked and analyzed using the MOORA multi-criteria decision-making technique. First, the most important employment indicators were determined. Then, the situation of the 8 cities of Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad provinces in terms of employment indicators has been evaluated using entropy methods and Mora decision making. The results showed that Boyer-Ahmad city has a more favorable situation than other cities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in three sectors of the economy (agriculture, industry, services). The results of the Moora technique showed that there is a big difference between the cities of the province in terms of employment indicators. Boyer-Ahmad city is in the first rank compared to other cities of the province and has the highest rank in all employment indicators, followed by Kohgiluyeh and Gachsaran cities. The third rank in relation to employment and unemployment belongs to a number of cities in the province such as Dena, Bahmaei, Choram, Basht, and Lendeh. The mentioned cities do not have suitable conditions in terms of employment. According to the results, it can be acknowledged that there are regional and spatial imbalances in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Then, the research indicators were prioritized using the CRITIC method and the results showed that the agricultural index was in the first place in the effectiveness of employment indicators. Then, the level of development of Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad provinces was divided into four levels in terms of employment indicators using the Morris coefficient. The results showed that out of 8 cities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces, Boyer-Ahmad city in (three sectors of agriculture, industry, services) has a more favorable situation than other cities in the province and is at a desirable level. Kohgiluyeh city is located on the second level. Two cities (Gachsaran and Dena) are in the middle level and 4 cities (Bahmaei, Charam, Basht, Lande) are deprived in terms of employment index in three sectors: agriculture, industry and services. Conclusion: The results showed that there is a difference between the cities of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces in terms of employment status. The level of employment in Boyer-Ahmad city, which is also the political center of the province, is more favorable than in other cities in the province.

From Whitehead's point of view, each human discipline, whether scientific, religious, moral, artistic, or philosophical, abstracts part of integrated reality and then sometimes erroneously equates it with the whole reality. This abstraction being taken for concrete reality is what Whitehead calls a Fallacy of misplaced concreteness. A fallacy which philosophy and new science suffered from it. Now, what is the function of philosophy? And what alternative does he introduce? This article, in view of these two questions, first analyzes the components of Whitehead's definition of metaphysics, such as experience as point of departure coherence, internal consistency, being necessary, attention to all experience, and so on. And then it was pointed to the Whitehead metaphysical method, which has similarities to the science method. Second addresses the main function of philosophy in Whitehead's view, which is "abstract CRITICism" or a CRITICal examination of the boundary of the abstract from the integral. A prominent example of this CRITICism is about the fallacy of "simple location", which made the scientific materialism become the cosmological paradigm governing the minds of scientists of the new age. In the end, Whitehead's organismic attitude is introduced as an alternative to scientific materialism; and it is explained that instead of the scientific materialistic understanding of the world as if it is composed of independent material particles, Whitehead refers to the process based on the organism.  The world that consists of interconnected entities which are always experiencing or have been experienced.

The beginning of the development process in Iran and the need for further progress to the moment of Abbas Mirza's inquiry after the defeat of the tsarist Russian military army during the Qajar period. After the question was raised، the idea began to be born، and، in the middle of this past Iranian history، nothing but deterioration and defeat، Iran is in retardation compared with the West، and only by taking steps in the development process and attaining Progress، the failed Iran's forgotten past، and a brilliant future will take shape. The question that arises here is whether development does not necessarily lead to progress، or through development، in particular the development of the maximum and with all possible speed، the historical backwardness of a product of a long term? The hegemonicization of the idea of deterioration after the question of Abbas Mirza has led to a neglect of the other side of the development of the Janosi face; in this article، we intend to cite the concept of development in Iran through the use of Walter Benjamin's (1940-1892) thinking and، in conclusion، We will note that development is not necessarily due to the history of contemporary Iranian life، but destruction has been an integral part of development and its process in Iranian experience، which is often referred to in the official discourse، especially the discourse governing the knowledge system. Can not be.

The notion of free harmony of faculties is very important in Kant's aesthetic. Kant puts this notion for reply to this question how we can believe in universality in aesthetic judgment, if we perceive it subjectively. Kant claims that pleasure in aesthetic judgment arises from subjective statue which is called free play or harmony of faculties. Since Kant believes that only cognition is communicable, his efforts to bring in cognitive faculties in aesthetic evaluation, justifies universal validity of aesthetic judgment. Kant cannot clearly explain the notion of free harmony, then some his interpreters effort, by separating this judgment from any concept, and by considering natural and unconscious characteristic for the aesthetic experience, connect the area of cognition with aesthetic and by this justify universality of aesthetic judgment (Precognitive interpretation). Second, interpretation believes in interference conception in aesthetic evaluation. They make efforts to provide direct similarity between cognition and aesthetic. There is no valid document in supporting of tow interpretations. First, interpretation by believing to unconscious characteristic for aesthetic experience cannot depict the distinction between usual objects and aesthetic objects. Second, interpretation by believing to interference of indeterminate conception in aesthetic experience, not only cannot eliminate interest of universality but also generally neglect it.

This paper in the first in short look into form of Stern's bookand then it CRITICizes the content of this book, especially threeimportant parts of it, which are the most difficult and at the same time The most important its parts, compared with Hegel's phenomenology but All his system. These are preface, introduction and the final chapter. We want to know how much Stern has been successful In consideration of the content of these three sections. Also does the seventh chapter of his book have internal coordination with content of them?

Background and Objectives: Most of the recent dialogue policy learning ‎methods are based on reinforcement learning (RL). However, the basic RL ‎algorithms like deep Q-network, have drawbacks in environments with ‎large state and action spaces such as dialogue systems. Most of the ‎policy-based methods are slow, cause of the estimating of the action value ‎using the computation of the sum of the discounted rewards for each ‎action. In value-based RL methods, function approximation errors lead to ‎overestimation in value estimation and finally suboptimal policies. There ‎are works that try to resolve the mentioned problems using combining RL ‎methods, but most of them were applied in the game environments, or ‎they just focused on combining DQN variants. This paper for the first time ‎presents a new method that combines actor-CRITIC and double DQN named ‎Double Actor-CRITIC (DAC), in the dialogue system, which significantly ‎improves the stability, speed, and performance of dialogue policy learning. ‎methods: In the actor CRITIC to overcome the slow learning of normal DQN, ‎the CRITIC unit approximates the value function and evaluates the quality ‎of the policy used by the actor, which means that the actor can learn the ‎policy faster. Moreover, to overcome the overestimation issue of DQN, ‎double DQN is employed. Finally, to have a smoother update, a heuristic ‎loss is introduced that chooses the minimum loss of actor-CRITIC and ‎double DQN. ‎Results: Experiments in a movie ticket booking task show that the ‎proposed method has more stable learning without drop after ‎overestimation and can reach the threshold of learning in fewer episodes ‎of learning. ‎Conclusion: Unlike previous works that mostly focused on just proposing ‎a combination of DQN variants, this study combines DQN variants with ‎actor-CRITIC to benefit from both policy-based and value-based RL methods ‎and overcome two main issues of both of them, slow learning and ‎overestimation. Experimental results show that the proposed method can ‎make a more accurate conversation with a user as a dialogue policy ‎learner.‎